Draeger X Zone 5000 Manual Treadmill
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Occupational Safety and Health Administration 29 CFR Parts 1910, 1915, and 1926 Docket No. H049 RIN 1218-0099 Respiratory Protection AGENCY: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Labor. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) and public hearings.
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SUMMARY: OSHA is proposing to modify its existing standards on respiratory protection (29 CFR 1910.134, 29 CFR 1915.152 and 29 CFR 1926.103). The current respirator standard was adopted from a voluntary consensus standard in 1971. Since that time, changes in methodology, technology, and approach related to respiratory protection have occurred, which OSHA's standard does not include.
The purpose of this rulemaking is to update the current standard to reflect these changes so that employers will provide effective protection for employees who wear respirators. The proposed standard includes requirements for a written respiratory protection program; procedures for selecting respirators; requirements for medical evaluation; procedures for fit testing; requirements for using respirators; procedures for maintaining respirators; training; criteria for evaluating program effectiveness. Public hearings are being scheduled to provide interested parties the opportunity to orally present information and data related to the issues raised by this proposed rule. DATES: Written comments on the proposed standard must be postmarked on or before February 13, 1995.
Notices of intention to appear at the informal public hearings on the proposed standard must be postmarked by January 27, 1995. Parties who request more than 10 minutes for their presentations at the informal public hearing and parties who will submit documentary evidence at the hearing must submit the full test of their testimony and all documentary evidence postmarked no later than February 13, 1995.
The hearing will take place in Washington, D.C. And is scheduled to being on March 7, 1995 and continue until Friday, March 24, 1995. ADDRESSES: Written comments should be submitted in quadruplicate or 1 original (hardcopy) and 1 disk (5 1/4 or 3 1/2 ) in WordPerfect 5.0, 5.1, 6.0 or ASCII to: The Docket Office, Docket H-049, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Room N2625, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20210; (202) 219-7894.
(Any information not contained on disk, e.g., studies, articles, etc., must be submitted in quadruplicate.) Notices of intention to appear at the informal rulemaking hearing, testimony, and documentary evidence are to be submitted in quadruplicate to: Mr. Tom Hall, OSHA Division of Consumer Affairs, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Room N3649, Washington, D.C.
20210; (202) 219-8615. Written comments received, notices of intention to appear, and all other material related to the development of this proposed standard will be available for inspection and copying in the public record in the Docket Office, Room N2439, at the above address. The hearing will be held in the auditorium of the U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Proposal: Ms. Anne Cyr, Office of Information and Consumer Affairs, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Room N3647, Washington, D.C. 20210; (202) 219-8151. Hearings: Mr. Tom Hall, Division of Consumer Affairs, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Room N3649, Washington, D.C. 20210; (202) 219-8615. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I.
Clearance of Information Collection Requirements 5 CFR Part 1320 sets forth procedures for agencies to follow in obtaining OMB clearance for information collection requirements under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980, 44 U.S.C. The proposed revised respirator standard requires employers to allow OSHA access to records. In accordance with the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act and the regulations issued pursuant thereto, OSHA certifies that it has submitted the information collection requirements for this proposed rule on respiratory protection to OMB for review under Section 3504(h) of that Act. OMB has approved (OMB number 1218-0099) in concept the submitted information collection activities contained in the proposed revision pending public consideration and comment.
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to be five minutes per response. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, to the Office of Information Management, Department of Labor, Room N-1301, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20210; and to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (1218-AA05), Washington, DC 20503. Introduction A. Format of the Preamble The preamble accompanying this notice of proposed rulemaking is divided into fifteen parts, numbered I through XV. The following is a table of contents: I.

Clearance of Information Collection Requirements II. Introduction A. Format of the Preamble B. History of the Development of Respiratory Protection C. Respirator Use D. Types of Respiratory Hazards E.
Limitations of Respiratory Use III. Legal Authority IV. Background A. Regulatory History B. Need for the Standard C. Recognition of the Need for a Standard by Other Groups V. Certification/Approval Procedures VI.
Summary of the Preliminary Regulatory Impact Analysis and Regulatory Flexibility Analysis and Environmental Impact Assessment VII. Summary and Explanation of the Proposed Standard A. Scope and Application B. Definitions C. Respiratory Protection Program D. Selection of Respirators E. Medical Evaluation F.
Fit Testing Procedures G. Use of Respirators H. Maintenance and Care of Respirators I. Supplied Air Quality and Use J. Identification of Filters, Cartridges, and Canisters K. Respiratory Protection Program Evaluation M. Recordkeeping and Access to Records N.
Substance Specific Standards O. Maritime Standards P. Construction Advisory Committee VIII. References IX. Public Participation - Notice of Hearings X. Federalism XI.
State Plan Standards XII. List of Subjects XIII.
Authority and Signature XIV. Proposed Standard and Appendices XV. Proposed Substance Specific Standards Revisions B. History of the Development of Respiratory Protection The concept of using respiratory protective devices to reduce or eliminate hazardous exposures to airborne contaminants first came from Pliny (c. 23-79) who discussed the use of loose fitting animal bladders in Roman mines to protect workers from the inhalation of red oxide of lead (1,2). Later, in the 1700's, the ancestors of modern atmosphere-supplying devices, such as the self-contained breathing apparatus or hose mask, were developed. Although the devices themselves have become more sophisticated in design and materials, respirators' performance is still based on one of two basic principles; purifying the air by removing contaminants before they reach the breathing zone of the worker, or providing clean air from an uncontaminated source.
In 1814, a particulate-removing filter encased in a rigid container was developed - the predecessor of modern filters for air-purifying respirators. In 1854, it was recognized that activated charcoal could be used as a filtering medium for vapors.
World War I and the use of chemical warfare also resulted in improvement in the design of respirators. Overall, there have been few major developments in the basic design of respirators over the years except for the resin-impregnated dust filter in 1930. This development has made available efficient, inexpensive filters that have good dust-loading characteristics and low breathing resistance. Another more recent development is the ultrahigh efficiency filter made from paper that contains very fine glass fibers. These extremely efficient filters are used for very small airborne particles and produce little breathing resistance.
Respirator Use The purpose of a respirator is to prevent the inhalation of harmful airborne substances. Functionally, a respirator is designed as an enclosure which covers the nose and mouth or the entire face or head. Respirators are of two general 'fit' types: Tight fitting (i.e., quarter masks, which cover the mouth and nose, and where the lower sealing surface rests between the chin and the mouth; the half mask, which fits over the nose and under the chin; and the full facepiece, which covers from the hairline to below the chin), and loose fitting (i.e., hoods, helmets, blouses, or full suits which cover the head completely). There are two major classes of respirators: Air-purifying respirators (devices which remove contaminants from the air), and atmosphere-supplying respirators (those which provide clean breathing air from an uncontaminated source). Air-purifying respirators are grouped into three general types: Particulate removing, vapor and gas removing, and combination.
Elements which remove particulates are called filters, while vapor and gas removing elements are called either chemical cartridges or canisters. Filters and canisters/cartridges are the functional portion of air-purifying respirators, and they can generally be removed and replaced once their effective life has expired. The exception would be disposable respirators, those which cannot be cleaned and disinfected or resupplied with an unused filter after use. Combination elements that protect for both particulates and vapors and gases are also available.
Particulate-removing respirators are designed to reduce inhaled concentrations of nuisance dusts, fumes, mists, toxic dusts, radon daughters, asbestos containing dusts or fibers, or any combination of these substances, by filtering some of the contaminants from the inhaled air before they enter the breathing zone of the worker. They may have single use or replaceable filters.
These respirators may be non-powered or powered air-purifying (using a blower to pull contaminated air through a filter; the resulting cleaned air is blown on the face). Vapor and gas removing respirators are designed with sorbent elements (canisters or cartridges) that adsorb and/or absorb the vapors or gases from the contaminated air before they enter the breathing zone of the worker. Combination cartridges and canisters are available to protect against both particulates and vapors and gases. Atmosphere-supplying respirators are respirators which provide air from a source independent of the surrounding atmosphere instead of removing contaminants from the atmosphere. These respirators are classified by the method by which air is supplied and the way in which the air supply is regulated. Basically, these methods are: Self-contained breathing apparatus (air or oxygen is carried in a tank on the worker's back, similar to SCUBA gear); supplied air respirators (compressed air from a stationary source is supplied through a high pressure hose connected to the respirator); and combination self-contained and supplied air respirators.
Drager 5000 Manual
Types of Respiratory Hazards Respiratory hazards may result from either an oxygen deficient atmosphere or from breathing air contaminated with toxic particles, vapors, gases, fumes or mists. The proper selection and use of a respirator depends upon an initial determination of the concentration of the hazard or hazards present in the workplace. Contaminants are classified as particulate contaminants, which include mechanical dispersoids, condensation dispersoids, dusts, sprays, fumes, mists, fogs, smokes, and smogs; and vapors or gases which include acids, alkalines, organics, organometallics, hydrides, and inert materials.
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